Git Commands List (50 Essential Commands Explained)

🚀 Top Git Commands

Complete Beginner to Advanced Guide

Before jumping into commands, understand these key terms: 🔹 Repository (Repo) A repository is a project folder that Git tracks. It stores all files and their version history. 🔹 Working Directory This is your current project folder where you edit files. 🔹 Staging Area (Index) A temporary area where changes are prepared before committing. 🔹 Commit A saved snapshot of your project at a specific time. 🔹 Branch A separate line of development. It allows you to work on new features without affecting the main project. 🔹 Merge Combines changes from one branch into another. 🔹 Remote Repository An online version of your project (like on GitHub).

📌 Git Workflow

Working Directory → Staging → Local Repo → Remote Repo

🌿 Branching Visual

main ─────────●────────       ↘ feature ──●──●       ↗ merge ─────●

⚔ Git vs GitHub

Git	GitHub
Version Control	Hosting Platform
Works Offline	Cloud Based
Tracks Changes	Shares Projects

🔁 1–10 Basics

1. Initialize Repogit init

2. Clone Repogit clone <repo-url>

3. Statusgit status

4. Add Filegit add file.txt

5. Add Allgit add .

6. Commitgit commit -m "message"

7. Add & Commitgit commit -am "message"

8. Loggit log

9. Diffgit diff

10. Diff Stagedgit diff --staged

🌿 11–20 Branching

11. List Branchesgit branch

12. Create Branchgit branch new-branch

13. Checkout Branchgit checkout branch

14. Switch Branchgit switch branch

15. Create & Switchgit switch -c new-branch

16. Mergegit merge branch

17. Delete Branchgit branch -d branch

18. Force Deletegit branch -D branch

19. Abort Mergegit merge --abort

20. Stashgit stash

🌍 21–30 Remote Commands

git remote -v

git remote add origin <url>

git push -u origin main

git push

git pull

git fetch

git push origin branch

git push --force

git push origin --delete branch

git pull origin branch

🧹 31–36 Reset & Cleanup

⚠ Be careful with reset --hard and force push.

git reset file

git reset --hard

git reset --soft HEAD~1

git revert commit-id

git clean -f

git clean -fd

🏷 37–42 Tags & Logs

git tag

git tag v1.0

git tag -a v1.0 -m "Version 1"

git show tag

git log --oneline

git log --graph

⚙ 43–50 Advanced & Config

git config --global user.name "Name"

git config --global user.email "email"

git config --list

git blame file

git cherry-pick commit

git rebase branch

git reflog

git archive --format=zip HEAD > project.zip

⚔ Merge Conflict Example

<<<<<<< HEAD Your Code ======= Incoming Code >>>>>>> branch

🎯 Remember

git add → git commit → git push